The Claims of the Polytheists Mentioned in the Noble Qur'an That Include Criticism of Faith in Allah Almighty, And the Qur'an's Approach to Responding to Them: A Compilation and Study

Abstract

Researching the claims mentioned in the Holy Quran is of paramount importance. This is because it falls under the category of reflecting upon the Quran, which is commanded, and because of the Quran's diverse methods of responding to the claims made within it, and its refutation of all the claims of those who disagree. The research included an examination of all the claims mentioned in the Holy Quran that impugn belief in God Almighty. The researcher used both inductive and descriptive methodologies, and the research was divided into three sections: the first discusses the claims of the polytheists mentioned in the Holy Quran that impugn belief in God's Lordship; the second addresses claims that impugn His Divinity; and the third examines claims that impugn His Names and Attributes. Among the most important findings of the researcher are: the diversity of Quranic arguments in refuting opponents, including many responses that appeal to both reason and emotion; the Holy Quran contains refutations of all the claims made by those who disagree; and the refutations in the Holy Quran are comprehensive, not specific to each claim, because the absence of a refutation of a claim in one place does not mean it is not addressed in other places.