ظاهرة الإسلاموفوبيا في هولندا الآليات والأسباب: دراسة وصفية تاريخية [The Phenomenon of Islamophobia in the Netherlands: Mechanisms and Causes: An Analytical Study ]

Abstract

In recent decades, structured and organized anti-Islam pressures and campaigns appeared as new phenomenon in the Netherlands, often used with extreme and strong expressions of racism against Muslim minorities. These movements are represented by the launching of strong hostile campaigns by right-wing political parties and extremist racist association and their collective leaders. These anti-Islam pressures and campaigns have been evolved to advanced and diversified methods to sow fear and hate for Islam and Muslims. Followed afterwards by constructive and structured media misinformation to attach some transient events to terrorist operations and linking criminals to names of Muslims or nationalities, with expressions of extremist racist terms. Until the phenomenon of Islamophobia emerged as an acceptable natural phenomenon, and as the new normal acceptable terminology and behavior against Muslims. This research come to understand causes of this phenomenon in the Dutch society and rise warning that this is not acceptable by the Muslims minorities. Especially since the Dutch society, compared to other European, is known for its tolerance, openness, and acceptance of other cultures and religions. Moreover, the Netherlands has opened its doors for Muslims in particular, and foreigners in general. However, in recent decades, the dutch society is witnessing the sweep of this phenomenon by some extremist trends, circulating in media and political platforms, which have begun calling for addressing the society with extremist Islamophobic ideology under the pretext of protecting the Netherlands.