Mafhum al-Mukhalafah in the View of Imam Shafi`i In His Book al-Umm

Abstract

This research deals with “Mafhum al-Mukhalafah in the View of Imam Shafi`I in His Book al-Umm as an applied study in the section of worships. Imam Shafi'i mentioned in his book, Al-Umm especially in the section of worships, a large collection of evidence from the Qur’an and Sunna learned from mafhum al-mukhalafah. After searching, the researcher found a large number of issues based on mafhum al-mukhalafah in this section, but he will deal with only seven of them due to the limited time and place. The problem of this research is based on some questions, such as: Did Shafi’i use the rule mafhum al-mukhalafah in his book “Al-Umm”, especially in the section of worships?  What is the approach of Imam Shafi'i in deducing this rule? The purpose of the study is to examine the jurisprudential issues based on mafhum al-mukhalafah and their evidences as presented in the section of worships in Imam Shafi'i's book Al-Umm and to know how Imam Shafi'i applied this rule in the section of worships. The researcher has used the inductive and analytical methods in dealing with jurisprudential issues. Finally, he came up with several results; the most important are: The researcher found in the book Al-Umm more than fifteen issues, especially in the section of worships; but only seven of them will be used in this research. The researcher also found out that Shafi'i argued for the rule of mafhum al-mukhalafah both theoretically and practically. Shafi’i has two ways to infer this rule: either to quote the text and then extract directly mafhum al-mukhalafah or to explain his understanding of the text notifying the reader that he could not understand it otherwise or that it is visibly understood.