دعوى التماثل بين التوراة والإنجيل والقرآن في مشروع الديانة الإبراهيمية: دراسة نقدية مقارنة [The Claim of Equivalence among the Torah, the Gospel, and the Qur’an in the Abrahamic Religion Initiative: A Critical Comparative Study]

Abstract

The central focus of this study is to examine the credibility of the claim of equivalence among the Torah, the Gospel, and the Qur’an as advanced by proponents of the Abrahamic Religion Initiative, and to assess the extent to which this claim aligns with the Qur’anic discourse regarding these scriptures and their shared attributes. The significance of this research lies in its attention to a foundational issue underpinning the religious ideology of the initiative: understanding the Qur’anic perspective on the Torah and the Gospel, while contributing to critical scholarship that seeks to deconstruct the religious and formative discourse associated with the initiative. The research problem centers on evaluating whether the common attributes of the Torah, the Gospel, and the Qur’an—as acknowledged in the Qur’anic discourse—necessarily imply equivalence in scriptural authority and the legitimacy of adhering to them, as suggested by the Abrahamic Religion Initiative. The study employs inductive, analytical-deductive, critical, and comparative methodologies to address this question.The findings indicate that the shared attributes of the Torah, the Gospel, and the Qur’an, as affirmed in the Qur’anic discourse, do not establish their equivalence, nor do they support the claim of an absolute obligation to follow them alongside the Qur’an. The Qur’anic discourse limits the notion of equivalence to the unity of their original source and purpose, prior to any alteration or distortion. Moreover, the Qur’an retains distinctive characteristics that set it apart from the Torah and the Gospel, even while sharing with them a common origin, purpose, and certain attributes. Accordingly, the study concludes that the claim of equivalence among the three scriptures, as proposed within the Abrahamic Religion Initiative, is unfounded, unsupported by the Qur’anic text, and inconsistent with the post-revelation state and textual formation of the Torah and the Gospel.