إنشاء المباني الوقفية مبنى دار الإيمان بالمالديف أنموذجًا [Establishing Waqf Buildings: The Case of Dar al-Iman in the Maldives]

Abstract

Islamic waqf (endowment) stands as one of the most prominent developmental instruments that contributed to building Islamic civilization throughout history, with its impact extending to the establishment of multi-purpose waqf facilities such as mosques, schools, and hospitals. This research examines a contemporary applied model: the Dar al-Iman building in the Maldives -the first structure established under the waqf system in the country- to analyze its compliance with Shariah-based waqf regulations. Research Problem: Despite the historical and social significance of waqf buildings, Dar al-Iman has sparked debate regarding its waqf status. While some researchers have refrained from ruling on its classification, others have viewed it merely as an investment affiliated with the Waqf Fund for Mosque Assistance. Thus, the study addresses two key questions: Did Dar al-Iman fulfill the essential pillars of Shariah-compliant waqf? What is the nature of its relationship with the Waqf Fund for Mosque Assistance? Research Objectives: This research is intended to analyze whether Dar al-Iman satisfies the Shariah pillars of waqf, and to clarify the relationship between Dar al-Iman and the Waqf Fund for Mosque Assistance, also to evaluate the juristic and administrative debates surrounding its waqf classification. Methodology: The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach, examining relevant documents and analyzing juristic and administrative perspectives on the building. Key Findings: First: Dar al-Iman fulfills all Shariah pillars of waqf (al-wāqif [endower], al-mawqūf [endowed asset], al-mawqūf ‘alayh [beneficiary], and ṣīghat al-waqf [declaration]). Second: The Waqf Fund’s expenditure on the building constituted an independent charitable donation, not an investment under the Fund’s management.