مفهوم القوامة في الفكر النسوي الراديكالي مقاربة قرآنية نقدية [The Concept of Guardianship in Radical Feminist Thought: A Critical Qur'anic Approach]

Abstract

This paper explores the concept of qiwāmah (male leadership or guardianship) as conceptualized in radical feminist discourse, analyzing it through a critical-analytical lens grounded in the Qur’anic verse from Sūrat al-Nisāʾ. The study employs a partial inductive method alongside comparative analysis and critique. It begins with an introductory overview of feminist thought, tracing its origins, major currents, and prominent figures. The first section addresses key feminist perspectives on qiwāmah, including: the claim that the Qur'an affirms male authority based on prevailing social realities; the assertion that patriarchal bias has shaped traditional exegetical approaches; and the methodological inconsistencies in interpreting this verse. The second section offers a critical evaluation of these views. The study finds that, despite their diverse methodologies, radical feminist interpretations converge on a shared tendency to marginalize the normative function of religious texts in regulating family structures. In contrast, the research highlights a trend within Islamic feminism that adopts inductive and interpretive reasoning—represented by scholars such as Fazlur Rahman Malik, Ibrahim Khalifah, Amani Saleh, and Abdullah al-Qaysi—while other approaches fluctuate between historicist, structuralist, and deconstructionist frameworks, often contradicting their own theoretical premises..