المنهج القرآني في مواجهة الطّغيان: دراسة تحليلية للتعقيبات الإلهية على خطابات فرعون [The Qur'anic Methodology in Confronting Tyranny: An Analytical Study of Divine Commentaries on Pharaoh's Speeches]

Abstract

This research analyzes Qur’anic verses that include divine commentaries on Pharaoh’s speeches in the story of Moses (peace be upon him). The central question is how the Qur’an confronted the discourse of tyranny through divine responses to Pharaoh’s rhetoric. The study aims to examine the content of these commentaries and extract their lessons, employing the inductive method to collect relevant texts and the analytical-deductive method to derive meanings for contemporary contexts. The study concludes that the divine methodology in disciplining Pharaoh followed a progressive pattern—beginning with reminders, followed by warnings and reproach, and ultimately culminating in punishment. This progression highlights the various reasons tyrants and oppressive nations incur divine punishment, whether due to actions such as arrogance, denial of resurrection, rejection of messengers, corruption, persecution, and misguidance; or attributes such as haughtiness, criminality, heedlessness, debauchery, and injustice. The study further emphasizes divine exhortations inspired by these commentaries, most notably: patience in confronting tyranny, reflection on the fate of oppressors, learning from historical precedents, and avoiding causes that lead to divine punishment. It recommends continued scholarly engagement with the Qur’anic methodology for countering deceptive rhetoric, with particular emphasis on deriving Qur’anic strategies to safeguard against political and media-driven misinformation.