THE CONQUEST OF MAKKAH THE CONQUEST OF MAKKAH AND ITS ROLE IN SPREADING ISLAM IN THE ARABIAN PENINSULA DURING THE PROPHETIC ERA 8-11 HJ/629-632AD

Abstract

The research attempts to find out the role of Makkah conquest in 8 H./ 629 G.  in spreading Islam in the Arabian peninsula in the prophetic era. It aims at investigating the methods of the Prophet (pbuh) in establishing the principles of justice, equality and peaceful coexistence in the Arabian Peninsula. The research has used the historical inductive approach as well as the historical descriptive approach. This research has been divided into three parts: (1) concept of positivity and peaceful coexistence in Islam; (2) diversity of affiliations in Makkah and the Arabian Peninsula before the conquest, (3) the spread of Islam and the peaceful coexistence in Makkah and the Arabian Peninsula after the conquest. The significant results of this research are summed up as follows:

 Before the conquest of Makkah, Quraysh, the Jews and the Bedouin Arabs cause a great danger to Muslims. After conquering Makkah in 8 H. / 629 G., Quraysh surrendered and embraced Islam which eliminated the barriers and smoothened the way for the Arab tribes to embrace Islam. This led to peaceful coexistence all over the Arabian Peninsula through the foundation of the sense of belonging to the Muslim nation, and preventing loyalty to non-Muslims, as exemplified in the conduct of the prophet (pbuh) until his death in 11 H. / 631 G.