التجربة الشعرية عند علي أحمد باكثير دراسة تحليلية وصفية

Abstract

The literary man, Ali Ahmed Bakathir, went through an eloquent poetic experience in a time when there were few creative poets in Yemen due to the very precarious political, educational, security and living conditions that are experienced by Yemen in the early twentieth century. Therefore, this study selected this literary man as the focus of investigation which deals with the poetic experience of Bakathir and identifies the manifestations and dimensions of that experience in his poetry. Besides, this study aimed at investigating the extent to which this literary man was influenced by Arab poets as well as the Western poets due to his emigration to Egypt and continuing his education there. In fact, there has been disagreement among literary men and critics about determining the first pioneer of free verse in Arabic literature and how Bakathir was able to compete with the great poets for this leadership. This research also aimed to introduce the poet, Ali Ahmed Bakathir, to the reader, and to identify the reasons that helped him to be one of the pioneers of renewal in modern Arabic poetry in the Arab world in general and Yemen in particular. Moreover, it identifies the impact of the Arab environments on his poetry, highlighting his employment of many Arab issues in his poetry as well as his sympathy with them. This study employed the analytical and descriptive method through analyzing and describing Bakathir's poems. It also used the historical method in investigating the historical events that occurred in the poet's time based on which he composed many poems. The findings of the study also revealed that emigration to different countries had a prominent impact on Bakathir’s poetry as he wrote several poems which are well-structured and most importantly convey sincere messages to us. It is also shown that the creation of free verse is a great achievement of Bakathir which has been immortalized by history throughout the ages, and this contributed to the transfer of Arab literature to the whole world. The results of the study also showed that Bakathir played a great role in developing the Arab theater and renewing it in a wonderful way through its interesting and essential topics which are useful and beloved by the recipient. Furthermore, Bakathir's poetic lexicon in his poems was characterized by ease, clarity, flow and straightforwardness to the reader or listener. It is also revealed that Bakathir selected the rhymes that are appropriate to the nature of the psychological atmosphere in which he lives, and left the rhymes that affect the music of poetry and alienate the listener or reader.