منهج الإمام ابن رشد الحفيد في ترجيح المشترك اللفظي "كتاب الصلاة نموذجا" Method of Imam Ibn Rushd Al-Hafeed in weighing of common verbal "Prayer Book" model

الملخص

This research studies the methodology of Imam Ibn Rushd (Averroes) the Grandson (520-595) in his treatment of the issues of homonymy in his book, Bidayat Al-Mujtahid and Nihayat Al-Muqtasid (The Distinguished Jurist’s Primer). The focus will be on Book of Prayer as a model. This is a foundational and analytical study in which the preferred opinion will be highlighted. The problem of the subject is that Imam Ibn Rushd was thought to be influenced by the Aristotelian philosophy because of his defense about it so he was accused of adopting atheism. However, it has been proven that in his book called Bidayat Al-Mujtahid and Nihayat Al-Muqtasid (The Distinguished Jurist’s Primer) and many others he has followed the approach of the Qur’an, Sunnah and the imprints of the nation’s predecessors as he dealing with the different issues of homonymy in his book. The aim of this research is to show and know the approach of Ibn Rushd the grandson in making a preference between the meanings of the verbal association and to check its validity to be a criterion for making a preference between the meanings of the homonyms if contradictory. The researcher adopted in his study the inductive methodology which he depended on in collecting the issues in which there are homonyms through the book of Bidayat Al-Mujtahid and Nihayat Al-Muqtasid (The Distinguished Jurist’s Primer). Then he used the analytical methodology through which he made the statement by mentioning the issue of dispute and the viewpoints of the jurists and their evidence and the most preferred opinion in every issue. The research reached the following results. The homonymy has a preferred meaning in every issue in this research, and Ibn Rush made preference based on the texts of the Holy Qur’an and prophetic Hadiths, and the statements of Prophet’s companions and their followers, if any. If not, then he will resort to the rules of Arabic Language. If either of the first two did not have that, he will refer to the tradition of the community and the principles of Islamic Sharia. Sometimes he may quit making preference if the disagreement is strong and the evidence is equal. His way includes that he rejects all that which has no evidence. The issues which have homonyms are three (3), most of which came in the form of nouns. And the homonyms in the form of verbs and prepositions do not exist in the sampling of the study. Most disagreements in the issues of homonymy were because of the word structure and its origin and its terminological implication or because of the lack of straightforward Islamic text. Wa Allahu A'alam.